Laminar flow defines the steady, orderly movement of a liquid in layers. Unlike turbulent flow, where particles move chaotically, laminar flow displays predictable patterns. It occurs when an fluid's velocity is relatively low and the viscosity remains high. In such a scenario, each band of liquid flows smoothly past its concurrent layer without si

From self-directed machines performing everyday tasks to complex companions offering emotional comfort, the landscape of human interaction is undergoing a significant transformation. Although robot technology has been around for decades, recent advancements in artificial intelligence and robotics have propelled these developments into the mainstrea